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Table 1 Overview of study variables and instruments used in the data collection

From: Professionals’ management of the fidelity–adaptation dilemma in the use of evidence-based interventions—an intervention study

Variables

Instruments/specification

Respondent

Data source and source

Acceptability

Acceptability of Intervention Measure—AIM [40]

Group leaders

Web-based group leader questionnaire: Q0, Q1, Q2

Appropriateness

Intervention Appropriateness Measure—IAM [40]

Group leaders

Web-based group leader questionnaire: Q0, Q1, Q2

Feasibility

Feasibility of Intervention Measure—FIM [40]

Group leaders

Web-based group leader questionnaire: Q0, Q1, Q2

Fidelity to and adaptation of EBI

Perceived value of ABC

Perceived core components of ABC

Perceived non-compatible context elements

Adapted version of ABC

Group leaders

Documentation from workshop: D0, D1

 

Fidelity–adaptation decisions and actions (who, how, when, what, why) [41]

Group leaders

Fidelity interviews: i0, i1, i2, i3, i4

 

Reason for adaptations (reactive/proactive adaptations, logistical/philosophical, valence) [42]

Type of adaptations made (e.g., tailoring, removing, lengthening, integrating, skipping elements) [43]

Attitudes towards and perceived knowledge about fidelity and adaptations adapted from Determinants of Implementation Behavior Questionnaire (DIBQ) [44]

Group leaders

Web-based group leader questionnaire: Q0, Q1, Q2

Web-based group leader questionnaire: Q0, Q1, Q2

Workshop evaluation questionnaires: W0, W1, W2

 

Program-specific fidelity assessment for parents (six items about how group leaders managed the session, e.g., “My group leaders focused the discussion on the session’s theme”). Developed by the developers of ABC

Parents

Fidelity questionnaire: F0, F1, F2, F3, F4

Timeliness [45]

Waiting time before program access

Parents

Parental questionnaire: P0

Equity [45]

Specific reasons for adaptations to improve equity

Group leaders

Fidelity interviews: i0, i1, i2, i3, i4

Effectiveness

Program-specific assessment of child and parent interaction

Parenting outcomes pertaining to child and parent interaction [46], Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) [47], Therapy Attitude Inventory [48]

Parents

Parental questionnaire: P0, P1

Service-user centeredness [45]

Structured questions in interviews about adaptations

Group leaders

Fidelity interviews: i0, i1, i2, i3, i4

Parent satisfaction

Client Satisfaction Scale (CSQ) [49]

Parents

Parental questionnaire: P1

Variables pertaining to the work context of group leaders

Implementation climate [50]

Physical and social opportunity (environmental context and resources and social influences) for using the program (six items adapted from DIBQ) [44]

Psychosocial work environment (work demands, influence, learning opportunities, job satisfaction, role conflict, social support). Items from Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire version II (COPSOQ II) [51, 52]

Perceived illegitimate tasks [53]

Group leaders

Web-based group leader questionnaire: Q0, Q1, Q2

Variables pertaining to individual characteristics of group leaders

Attitudes to evidence-based practice [54]

Professionals’ capability and motivation (knowledge, skills, beliefs about consequences, behavioral regulation and reinforcement) for using the program (11 items adapted from DIBQ) [44]

Professionals’ occupational self-efficacy [55]

Group leaders

Web-based group leader questionnaire: Q0, Q1, Q2

Decision support intervention appraisal

Perceived relevance, quality, and usefulness of the decision support intervention (11 items adapted from the BIC evaluation) [56]

Perceived impact of the decision support intervention [56]

Group leaders

Group leaders

Workshop evaluation questionnaires: W1 and W2 and web-based group leader questionnaire: Q2

Workshop evaluation questionnaires: W1, W2

Readiness for change

Readiness for change [56]

Group leaders

Workshop evaluation questionnaires: W0

Background variables of group leaders

Age, gender, educational level, work experience, profession, parenting program expertise/experience

Group leaders

Web-based group leader questionnaire: Q0

Background variables of parents

Parents educational level, number and age of children, marital status

Parents

Parental questionnaire: P0