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Table 5 Estimated effect (EE) and effect size (ES) of early engagement in External Facilitation

From: Expanding access to medications for opioid use disorder in primary care clinics: an evaluation of common implementation strategies and outcomes

 

Early engagement with a prescriber vs. Did not engage

Early engagement without a prescriber vs. Did not engage

Early engagement with a prescriber vs. Early engagement without a prescriber

Q1

Q2

Q3

Q1

Q2

Q3

Q1

Q2

Q3

Reach

 Number of patients with OUD

  EE (95% CI)

17.32 (−2726.97, 2761.61)

6.72 (−1381.52, 1394.96)

−3.88 (−2748.17, 2740.41)

13.02 (−3292.76, 3318.81)

16.54 (−1687.17, 1720.25)

20.05 (−3286.25, 3326.35)

4.30 (−1234.21, 1242.81)

−9.82 (−640.28, 620.64)

−23.93 (−1263.53, 1215.66)

  ES (95% CI)

0.21 (−33.05, 33.47)

0.08 (−16.75, 16.91)

−0.05 (−33.31, 33.22)

0.16 (−39.91, 40.23)

0.20 (−20.45, 20.85)

0.24 (−39.83, 40.32)

0.05 (−14.96, 15.06)

−0.12 (−7.76, 7.52)

−0.29 (−15.32, 14.74)

 Number of patients prescribed MOUD

  EE (95% CI)

15.68 (−61.70, 93.06)

2.51 (−52.70, 57.72)

−10.66 (−88.04, 66.72)

14.99 (−80.07, 110.05)

5.38 (−63.47, 74.23)

−4.24 (−99.29, 90.82)

0.69 (−35.35, 36.74)

−2.87 (−28.97, 23.23)

−6.43 (−42.47, 29.62)

  ES (95% CI)

0.98 (−3.84, 5.79)

0.16 (−3.28, 3.59)

−0.66 (−5.48, 4.15)

0.93 (−4.98, 6.85)

0.34 (−3.95, 4.62)

−0.26 (−6.18, 5.65)

0.04 (−2.20, 2.9)

−0.18 (−1.80, 1.45)

−0.40 (−2.64, 1.84)

 Percent of patients prescribed MOUDa

  EE (95% CI)

4.90 (−3.00, 12.79)

−2.34 (−8.90, 4.22)

−9.58 (−17.11, −2.05)

6.91 (−0.59, 14.41)

−5.67 (−11.48, 0.14)

−18.25 (−25.22, −11.29)

−2.01 (−6.06, 2.03)

3.33 (0.85, 5.81)

8.68 (4.07, 13.28)

  ES (95% CI)

0.13 (−0.08, 0.35)

−0.06 (−0.24, 0.11)

−0.26 (−0.46, −0.06)

0.19 (−0.02, 0.39)

−0.15 (−0.31, 0.00)

−0.49 (−0.68, −0.31)

−0.05 (−0.16, 0.06)

0.09 (0.02, 0.16)

0.23 (0.11, 0.40)

Adoption

 Number of prescribers

  EE (95% CI)

2.42 (−6.71, 11.54)

2.42 (−5.84, 10.69)

2.43 (−6.69, 11.56)

2.61 (−8.39, 13.61)

2.60 (−7.38, 12.58)

2.59 (−8.41, 13.59)

−0.19 (−3.72, 3.34)

−0.17 (−3.32, 2.97)

−0.15 (−3.68, 3.38)

  ES (95% CI)

0.52 (−1.45, 2.50)

0.53 (−1.264, 2.314)

0.53 (−1.45, 2.50)

0.57 (−1.82, 2.95)

0.56 (−1.60, 2.72)

0.56 (−1.821, 2.940)

−0.04 (−0.81, 0.72)

−0.04 (−0.72, 0.64)

−0.03 (−0.80, 0.93)

 Number of x-waivered prescribers

  EE (95% CI)

0.53 (−2.68, 3.73)

0.14 (−2.70, 2.98)

−0.24 (−3.45, 2.96)

0.92 (−3.05, 4.90)

0.20 (−3.35, 3.74)

−0.53 (−4.50, 3.44)

−0.40 (−1.90, 1.11)

−0.06 (−1.40, 1.11)

0.28 (−1.22, 1.79)

  ES (95% CI)

0.17 (−0.89, 1.24)

0.05 (−0.89, 0.99)

−0.08 (−1.14, 0.98)

0.31 (−1.01, 1.62)

0.07 (−1.11, 1.24)

−0.18 (−1.49, 1.14)

−0.13 (−0.63, 0.37)

−0.02 (−0.46, 0.43)

0.10 (−0.40, 0.59)

 Number of active x-waivered prescribers

  EE (95% CI)

0.62 (−0.48, 1.73)

0.14 (−0.77, 1.05)

−0.34 (−1.44, 0.76)

0.94 (−0.43, 2.32)

0.47 (−0.68, 1.61)

−0.01 (−1.38, 1.36)

−0.32 (−0.84, 0.19)

−0.33 (−0.76, 0.10)

−0.33 (−0.85, 0.19)

  ES (95% CI)

0.34 (−0.26, 0.94)

0.08 (−0.42, 0.57)

−0.19 (−0.79, 0.42)

0.51 (−0.23, 1.26)

0.25 (−0.37, 0.88)

−0.01 (−0.75, 0.74)

−0.18 (−0.46, 0.11)

−0.18 (−0.41, 0.06)

−0.18 (−0.46, 0.10)

 Percent of x-waivered prescribers

  EE (95% CI)

1.79 (−0.20, 3.78)

0.52 (−1.31, 2.35)

−0.75 (−2.75, 1.24)

6.08 (3.61, 8.56)

3.08 (0.80, 5.37)

0.08 (−2.39, 2.56)

−4.30 (−5.17, −3.42)

−2.57 (−3.36, −1.77)

−0.84 (−1.71, 0.04)

  ES (95% CI)

0.08 (−0.01, 0.17)

0.02 (−0.06, 0.11)

−0.03 (−0.13, 0.06)

0.28 (0.16, 0.39)

0.14 (0.04, 0.24)

0.00 (−0.11, 0.12)

−0.20 (−0.24, −0.16)

−0.12 (−0.15, −0.08)

−0.04 (−0.08, 0.00)

Implementation

 IMAT implementation quality

  EE (95% CI)

–

–

−0.36 (−0.53, −0.20)

–

–

−0.11 (−0.31, 0.10)

–

–

−0.25 (−0.33, −0.18)

  ES (95% CI)

–

–

−0.60 (−0.87, −0.33)

–

–

−0.18 (−0.52, 0.16)

–

–

−0.42 (−0.55, −0.29)

  1. aPrimary outcome; EE and ES in bold indicated 95% CI did not cross