Low-to-middle-income countries (n = 18) | High-income countries (n = 85) | Overall (N=103) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Continent | ||||||
North America | 1 | 5.6% | 78 | 91.8% | 79 | 76.7% |
Africa | 10 | 55.6% | — | 10 | 9.7% | |
Asia | 5 | 27.8% | 2 | 2.4% | 7 | 6.8% |
Europe | 1 | 5.6% | 3 | 3.5% | 4 | 3.9% |
Australia | — | 2 | 2.4% | 2 | 1.9% | |
South America | 1 | 5.6% | — | 1 | 1.0% | |
Setting | ||||||
Community mental health | 1 | 5.6% | 43 | 50.6% | 44 | 42.7% |
Schools | 6 | 33.3% | 21 | 24.7% | 27 | 26.2% |
Hospitals | — | — | 6 | 7.1% | 6 | 5.8% |
Juvenile justice | — | — | 3 | 3.5% | 3 | 2.9% |
Child welfare centers | 1 | 5.6% | 14 | 16.5% | 15 | 14.6% |
Substance use | — | — | 1 | 1.2% | 1 | 1.0% |
Other | 9 | 50.0% | 6 | 7.1% | 15 | 14.6% |
Not reported | 2 | 11.1% | 5 | 5.9% | 7 | 6.8% |
Stakeholders engaged | ||||||
Patients/clients | 6 | 33.3% | 16 | 18.8% | 22 | 21.4% |
Providers | 16 | 88.9% | 69 | 81.2% | 85 | 82.5% |
Private payers | — | — | 1 | 1.2% | 1 | 1.0% |
Policymakers | 4 | 22.2% | 14 | 16.5% | 18 | 17.5% |
Community members | 9 | 50.0% | 19 | 22.4% | 28 | 27.2% |
Caregivers | 9 | 50.0% | 32 | 37.6% | 41 | 39.8% |
Researchers | 4 | 22.2% | 20 | 23.5% | 24 | 23.3% |
Agency administrators | 4 | 22.2% | 49 | 57.6% | 53 | 51.5% |
EPIS Phase | ||||||
Exploration | 8 | 44.4% | 19 | 22.4% | 27 | 26.2% |
Preparation | 6 | 33.3% | 42 | 49.4% | 48 | 46.6% |
Implementation | 14 | 77.8% | 65 | 76.5% | 79 | 76.7% |
Sustainment | 1 | 5.6% | 11 | 12.9% | 12 | 11.7% |
Rationale | ||||||
Build partnership | 4 | 22.2% | 24 | 28.2% | 28 | 27.2% |
Inform | 10 | 55.6% | 29 | 34.1% | 39 | 37.9% |
Explain | 8 | 44.4% | 46 | 54.1% | 54 | 52.4% |
Not reported | 1 | 5.6% | 7 | 8.2% | 8 | 7.8% |
Methods | ||||||
Quantitative | 1 | 5.6% | 20 | 23.5% | 21 | 20.4% |
Qualitative | 7 | 38.9% | 27 | 31.8% | 34 | 33.0% |
Mixed-methods | 7 | 38.9% | 29 | 34.1% | 36 | 35.0% |
Other | 3 | 16.7% | 21 | 24.7% | 24 | 23.3% |
Depth of engagement | ||||||
Consult | 6 | 33.3% | 37 | 43.5% | 43 | 41.7% |
Involve | 4 | 22.2% | 19 | 22.4% | 23 | 22.3% |
Collaborate | 5 | 27.8% | 18 | 21.2% | 23 | 22.3% |
Empower | 3 | 16.7% | 11 | 12.9% | 14 | 13.6% |
Impacts by implementation outcome | ||||||
Acceptability | 7 | 38.9% | 9 | 10.6% | 16 | 15.5% |
Feasibility | 5 | 27.8% | 7 | 8.2% | 12 | 11.7% |
Fidelity | 1 | 5.6% | 4 | 4.7% | 5 | 4.9% |
Penetration | — | — | 6 | 7.1% | 6 | 5.8% |
Adoption | 2 | 11.1% | 4 | 4.7% | 6 | 5.8% |
Appropriateness | — | — | 3 | 3.5% | 3 | 2.9% |
Cost | — | — | 1 | 1.2% | 1 | 1.0% |
Sustainability | — | — | 1 | 1.2% | 1 | 1.0% |
Reporting on stakeholder engagement | ||||||
Actor | 15 | 83.3% | 69 | 81.2% | 84 | 81.6% |
Action | 18 | 100.0% | 79 | 92.9% | 97 | 94.2% |
Target | 18 | 100.0% | 82 | 96.5% | 100 | 97.1% |
Temporality | 16 | 88.9% | 76 | 89.4% | 92 | 89.3% |
Dose | 8 | 44.4% | 56 | 65.9% | 64 | 62.1% |
Implementation outcome | 13 | 72.2% | 43 | 50.6% | 56 | 54.4% |
Justification | 18 | 100.0% | 78 | 91.8% | 96 | 93.2% |