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Table 6 Adaptations of Narrative Exposure Therapy

From: Adaptations of evidence-based trauma-focused interventions for children and adolescents: a systematic review

Study author, year

Country

Population

Reason for adaptation

Who was involved in adaptation

FRAME categories

Content adaptations

Contextual adaptations

Catani et al., 2009a [51]

Sri Lanka

8–14-year-old children who experienced war and a tsunami

Improve fit

Not listed

− Adding elements

− Population

− Tailoring/tweaking/refining

− Used age-appropriate metaphors

− Illustrative, creative elements added (e.g., stones, flowers, lifeline, and drawings)

− Added body positioning and toys to aid in reenactment

− Population changed to children

Onyut et al., 2005 [52]

Somalia

12–17-year-old children who experienced war

Improve fit

Not listed

− Adding elements

− Population

− Tailoring/tweaking/refining

− Illustrative, creative methods added (e.g., stones, flowers, lifeline, and drawings)

− Narrative was extended beyond the present

− Population changed to children

Peltonen & Kangaslampi, 2019 [53]

Finland

9–17-year-old children who experienced family violence or were refugees

Improve fit

Not listed

− Adding elements

− Population

− Illustrative, creative elements added (e.g., lifeline)

− Population changed to children

Ruf et al., 2010 [54]

Germany

7–16-year-old refugee children who experienced trauma

Improve fit

Not listed

− Adding elements

− Population

− Illustrative, creative elements added (e.g., stones, flowers, lifeline, and drawings)

− Added body positioning to aid in reenactment

− Population changed to children

Schauer, 2008 [55]

Sri Lanka

6–15-year-old children who experienced trauma

Improve fit

Not listed

− Adding elements

− Population

− Illustrative, creative elements added (e.g., stones, flowers, lifeline, and drawings)

− Added body positioning and toys to aid in reenactment

− Population changed to children

  1. a Information on content/contextual adaptations obtained from Neuner et al. [64] who was cited by Catani et al. [51], as they did not describe the adaptations in the article