Full sample (n = 31) | University-based (n = 15)b, mean (SD) | Outside a university (n = 16), mean (SD) | t (95% CI) | USA (n = 21)b, mean (SD) | International (n = 10), mean (SD) | t (95% CI) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean (SD) | Core activity, n (%)a | |||||||
Evidence synthesis activities (score: 2.92, α = 0.67) | − 0.01 (− 0.84, 0.83) | 0.29 (− 0.89, 1.17) | ||||||
Summarizing single studies | 3.10 (1.56) | 13 (41.9) | 2.93 (1.67) | 3.25 (1.48) | − 0.56 (− 1.48, 0.85) | 3.24 (1.45) | 2.78 (1.92) | 0.67 (− 0.96, 1.84) |
Summarizing multiple studies | 3.52 (1.55) | 18 (58.1) | 3.67 (1.54) | 3.38 (1.59) | 0.52 (− 0.86, 1.44) | 3.62 (1.50) | 3.33 (1.80) | 0.51 (− 1.02, 1.66) |
Developing evidence reviews | 2.68 (1.72) | 11 (35.5) | 2.93 (1.83) | 2.44 (1.63) | 0.79 (− 0.78, 1.77) | 2.57 (1.66) | 3.00 (2.00) | − 0.47 (− 1.83, 1.17) |
Maintaining research database | 2.40 (1.43) | 7 (23.3) | 2.13 (1.51) | 2.67 (1.35) | − 1.02 (− 1.60, 0.54) | 2.45 (1.43) | 2.33 (1.58) | 0.26 (− 1.05, 1.35) |
Evidence dissemination activities (score: 3.62, α = 0.79) | 0.10 (− 0.81, 0.89) | 0.82 (− 0.71, 1.56) | ||||||
Distributing research summaries | 3.55 (1.29) | 16 (51.6) | 3.60 (1.18) | 3.50 (1.41) | 0.21 (− 0.86, 1.06) | 3.52 (1.25) | 3.67 (1.50) | − 0.14 (− 1.20, 1.04) |
Hosting didactic webinars | 3.71 (1.35) | 17 (54.8) | 3.67 (1.29) | 3.75 (1.44) | − 0.17 (− 1.09, 0.92) | 3.90 (1.18) | 3.33 (1.73) | 1.05 (− 0.64, 1.85) |
Conducting research reviews for policymakers | 3.61 (1.43) | 20 (64.5) | 3.67 (1.29) | 3.56 (1.59) | 0.20 (− 0.96, 1.17) | 3.86 (1.28) | 3.22 (1.72) | 1.27 (− 0.52, 2.03) |
Evidence connecting activities (score: 3.55, α = 0.85) | − 0.08 (− 0.78, 0.72) | − 1.04 (− 1.12, 0.37) | ||||||
Maintaining active system-level partnerships | 3.47 (0.90) | 24 (80.0) | 4.53 (0.99) | 4.40 (0.83) | 0.40 (− 0.55, 0.82) | 4.30 (1.03) | 4.89 (0.33) | − 1.88 (− 1.05, 0.05) |
Collaborating with traditionally marginalized and non-traditional partners | 2.84 (1.39) | 10 (32.3) | 2.87 (1.46) | 2.81 (1.38) | 0.11 (− 0.99, 1.10) | 2.90 (1.48) | 2.56 (1.24) | 0.40 (− 0.86, 1.27) |
Participating in policy advisory positions | 3.68 (1.22) | 19 (61.3) | 3.67 (1.18) | 3.69 (1.30) | − 0.05 (− 0.93, 0.89) | 3.67 (1.24) | 3.67 (1.32) | − 0.07 (− 1.04, 0.98) |
Conducting interactive workshops | 4.00 (1.29) | 22 (71.0) | 4.00 (1.00) | 4.00 (1.55) | 0.00 (− 0.96, 0.96) | 3.76 (1.37) | 4.44 (1.01) | − 1.72 (− 1.62, 0.15) |
Hosting informational forums with policymakers | 3.23 (1.43) | 15 (48.4) | 3.00 (1.25) | 3.44 (1.59) | − 0.85 (− 1.49, 0.61) | 3.00 (1.52) | 3.67 (1.22) | − 1.42 (− 1.72, 0.32) |
Facilitating one on one conversations between researchers and policymakers | 3.06 (1.61) | 13 (41.9) | 3.13 (1.73) | 3.00 (1.55) | 0.23 (− 1.08, 1.34) | 2.90 (1.61) | 3.44 (1.74) | − 0.79 (− 1.82, 0.83) |
Capacity-building and implementation support (score: 4.09, α = 0.72) | − 1.43 (− 1.25, 0.22) | − 1.51 (− 1.22, 0.19) | ||||||
Direct service improvement activities to support process implementation | 4.19 (1.25) | 23 (74.2) | 4.00 (1.51) | 4.38 (0.96) | − 0.82 (− 1.32, 0.57) | 4.19 (1.25) | 4.11 (1.36) | − 0.02 (− 1.06, 1.04) |
Facilitating co-design of new programs, systems, or processes | 4.03 (1.33) | 22 (71.0) | 3.73 (1.49) | 4.31 (1.14) | − 1.21 (− 1.56, 0.40) | 3.86 (1.42) | 4.33 (1.12) | − 1.18 (− 1.50, 0.41) |
Training and supporting leadership planning skills to acquire and implement new knowledge | 4.03 (1.17) | 23 (74.2) | 3.73 (1.22) | 4.31 (1.08) | − 1.40 (− 1.43, 0.27) | 3.71 (1.27) | 4.67 (0.50) | − 3.11 (− 1.63, − 0.34)** |
Miscellaneous | ||||||||
Training policymakers to critically appraise research | 2.87 (1.48) | 9 (29.0) | 2.73 (1.39) | 3.00 (1.59) | − 0.50 (− 1.36,0.83) | 2.71 (1.19) | 3.00 (2.00) | − 0.71 (− 1.97, 0.99) |