Table 1 Type of interventions featured in the articles included in the scoping review, grouped according to the EPOC taxonomy

Financial arrangements

Changes in how funds are collected, insurance schemes, how services are purchased, and the use of targeted financial incentives or disincentives

57

Hospital readmission reduction programme, results-based financing, provider payment models or fees, disease-specific financial incentive programmes, financial interventions, insurance coverage expansion, changes in healthcare prices or coverage for patients

Implementation strategies

Interventions designed to bring about changes in healthcare organisations, the behaviour of healthcare professionals, or the use of health services by healthcare recipients^a

27

Capability-enhancing interventions (training, health promotion, health communication)

Governance arrangements

Rules or processes that affect the way in which powers are exercised, particularly with regard to authority, accountability, openness, participation, and coherence

21

Prescribing recommendations/guidelines or changes to prescription drugs lists, extended access to treatment, gatekeeping/managed care, treatment guidelines, public reporting of hospital output/quality information, extended healthcare benefits for specific populations

Delivery arrangements

Changes in how, when, and where healthcare is organised and delivered and who delivers healthcare.

17

Closure/opening of hospitals/wards or drug stores, e-health technology, provider/caregiver training, changes in the care process, screening programmes, public health measures (bednets, purified water, living conditions, etc.), clinical and similar interventions