Table 3 Characteristics of the engagement in included grants

When is engagement planned?^a

Number (% out of N = 103)

 In theory development

6 (6)

 In intervention design

32 (31)

 In implementation strategy design

54 (52)

 In formative research

63 (61)

 In evaluation and measurement

34 (33)

 Only stated but not explained in depth

5 (5)

 Other

6 (6)

 Not at all

13 (13)

Who will be engaged?^a

Number (% out of n = 90)

 Direct service providers or practitioners

69 (77)

 Partner organizations

29 (32)

 Patient/survivors or their families

49 (54)

 Policymakers

16 (18)

 Product makers/intervention designers

3 (3)

 Program/system administrators

33 (37)

 Public/General community members

19 (21)

 Purchasers or payers

6 (7)

 Other

6 (7)

Highest level of engagement in study

 Outreach and education

4 (4)

 Consultation

50 (56)

 Cooperation

21 (23)

 Collaboration

12 (13)

 Partnership

3 (3)

Engagement approach

 Practice-based research

22 (23)

 Community-based participatory research (CBPR)

14 (16)

 Community engaged research (CEnR)

10 (11)

 Other

13 (14)

 Not specified

31 (33)

Engagement strategies^a

 Brainstorming/crowdsourcing ideas

4 (4)

 Capacity-building

20 (22)

 Human-centered design

10 (11)

 Information dissemination

15 (17)

 Key Informant data collection in needs assessment, formative research, or research agenda setting

69 (77)

 Group meetings for consensus building or prioritization

20 (22)

 Process, system, intervention, or implementation mapping

8 (9)

 Project steering committee, advisory group or other decision-making body

35 (39)

 Partners as active members of research team

15 (17)

Others

3 (3)

Indicators of equity in engagement^a

 Decision-making

14 (16)

 Influence

25 (28)

 Mutual benefit

23 (26)

 Ownership

0 (0)

 Power and control

1 (1)

 Resource-sharing

13 (14)

 Responsibility

2 (2)

 Not described

43 (48)

Is engagement measured? yes

14 (16)