Table 1 List of the 21 ERP elements
Preoperative | Intraoperative | Postoperative |
|---|---|---|
1. Patient and family education and engagement 2. Patient Advocate Liaison (PAL) engagement 3. Provider education 4. Optimize medical comorbidities 5. Avoid prolonged fasting 6. Administer non-opioid analgesia | 7. Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis 8. Pre-incision antibiotic prophylaxis 9. Standardized anesthetic protocol 10. Surgical procedure (i.e., minimally invasive techniques) 11. Prevention of nausea/vomiting 12. Avoiding nasogastric tubes 13.0Standardized hypothermia prevention | 14. No intraperitoneal/perianastomotic drains 15. Goal directed/near-zero fluid therapy 16. Avoiding or early removal of urinary drains 17. Prevention of ileus through gut stimulation 18. Opioid sparing pain regimen 19. Early oral nutrition 20. Early mobilization 21. Audit protocol compliance/outcomes |