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Table 1 Cross-case summaries

From: Using audit and feedback to guide tailored implementations of measurement-based care in community mental health: a multiple case study

Clinic descriptors

MBC guideline

A&F content and requests

Extended reports?

Case

State

Urban

Size

Modified?

Decision meeting

Final guideline

Added A&F content

Other requests/impacts

1

TN

No

Small

Yes

4th

First 10 new clients for each clinician over the age of 18 with a depression diagnosis

• MBC penetration reported separately for the following:

◦ Clients meeting criteria for modified MBC guideline

◦ All clients ages 18 and older with depression diagnoses (i.e., original MBC guideline)

• Requested the following changes to EHR:

◦ Indicator of MBC eligibility in client charts

◦ Program code for MBC

◦ Fidelity questions in individual progress notes

Yes

2

TN

Yes

Large

Yes

3rd

All clients ages 12 and older

• Volume of clinical services provided each month

• MBC penetration data calculated for the following:

◦ Clients ages 12 + 

◦ Clients ages 18 + 

◦ Clients ages 21 + with intake in the past month

• MBC fidelity question responses

• Requests for fidelity data supported the addition of a new “fidelity data report” to be embedded in the EHR that could be directly downloaded and viewed by clinic staff

Yes

3

IN

Yes

Small

No

N/a

All clients ages 18 and older with a depression diagnosis

• MBC penetration reported separately for the following:

◦ Clients on MBC guideline

◦ All clients ages 18 and older receiving individual therapy

• Number of new intakes with an associated:

◦ Depression diagnosis

◦ PHQ-9 score

◦ Elevated PHQ-9 score

• MBC fidelity question responses

• Requested a direct link to the PHQ-9 entry form to be added to individual therapy progress notes in the EHR

No

4

IN

Yes

Large

Yes

2nd

All clients ages 12 and older

• MBC penetration data at level of individual clinicians

• MBC penetration data level of clinical teams (i.e., adult services, child services, intake)

 

Yes

5

IN

No

Medium

Yes

1st

All clients ages 12 and older

• MBC penetration data at level of individual clinicians

• MBC penetration reported separately for the following:

◦ Clients on MBC guideline

◦ All clients ages 18 and older with depression diagnoses (i.e., original MBC guideline)

• Requested changes to individual therapy progress note format in the EHR such that MBC fidelity questions were more easily visiblea

• Requested graphing function for PHQ-9A scoresa

No

6

IN

Yes

Large

Yes

1st

Clients ages 12 and older who receive individual therapy during the first week of the month

• MBC penetration data at level of individual clinicians

• MBC penetration for clinicians who may be recruited for additional training

• MBC penetration data for 1st week vs. entire month of services

• MBC penetration for clients ages 12 and older with a depression diagnosis

• Requested adjustment to layout of PHQ-9 score graphs in EHR for easier printing and review

Yes

  1. Clinic size based on number of clinicians employed at the time of assignment. Small < 15, medium 15–20, large > 20
  2. MBC penetration = percentage of clients eligible per MBC guideline who received PHQ-9 in at least 80% of sessions; percentage of clinicians who delivered PHQ-9 to clients eligible for MBC guideline at least 80% of the time
  3. MBC fidelity questions = (1) “Did you review the PHQ-9?” or (2) (if applicable) “Why didn’t you administer the PHQ-9?” and (3) “Did you review the PHQ-9 graph?”
  4. Extended reports = implementation team requested audit reports to be delivered after the active implementation period
  5. aA&F requests from implementation team not granted during active implementation period