Table 6 Categorisation of barriers to the Theoretical Domain Framework (TDF) domains
Study | Intervention strategies (EPOC categories) | Reported as effective | Environmental context and resources | Knowledge | Social influences | Behavioural regulation | Skills | Goals | Memory, attention and decision processes | Social/professional role and identity | Reinforcement | Optimism | Emotions | Beliefs about capabilities | Beliefs about consequences | Intentions | Number of TDF domains identified in each study |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Daley et al., 2018 [35] | Reminders | Yes | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0 |
Metlay et al., 2007 [37] | Educational meetings, Educational materials, Audit and feedback, Patient-mediated interventions | Yes | ✓ | ✓ | 2 | ||||||||||||
Moja et al., 2019 [38] | Reminders | Yes | ✓ | ✓ | 2 | ||||||||||||
Paul et al., 2006 [39] | Reminders | Yes | ✓ | ✓ | 2 | ||||||||||||
Terrell et al., 2009 [40] | Reminders | Yes | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | 4 | ||||||||||
Terrell et al., 2010 [41] | Reminders | Yes | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | 3 | |||||||||||
Menya et al., 2015 [36] | Pay for performance | Yes | ✓ | 1 | |||||||||||||
Franchi et al., 2016 [43] | Educational materials, Reminders | No | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | 4 | ||||||||||
Opondo et al., 2011 [44] | Inter-professional education, Clinical Practice Guidelines, Educational materials, Monitoring performance of delivery of healthcare, Managerial supervision, Local opinion leaders, Audit and feedback | No | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | 3 | |||||||||||
van de Maat et al., 2020 [42] | Reminders | No | ✓ | 1 | |||||||||||||
Yadav et al., 2019 [45] | Educational meetings, Reminders, Educational materials, Patient-mediated interventions, Local consensus processes, Local opinion leaders, Monitoring the performance of the delivery of healthcare, Audit and Feedback | No | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0 |
Number of studies with barriers associated with each TDF domain | 9 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||