Table 1 An overview of preliminary studies with key findings for the implementation strategy

Patient

 Daines et al. 2020 [38]

Interviews and focus groups with 45 patients and 4 carers. Interpretative phenomenological analysis

Self-management behaviours were both automatic (habitual) and reflexive (cognitively driven) when symptoms changed. Support was welcomed, particularly when diagnosed or when symptoms were unstable

 McClatchey et al. 2021 [47]

Survey of 95 individuals with asthma. Descriptive analysis

Patients received most of their information from their General Practitioner/Practice Nurse or websites but there was a desire for personalised information and further direction from healthcare professionals

Professional

 Morrow et al. 2017 [30]

Interview and focus groups with 33 health care professionals

Thematic analysis

Need to emphasise evidence for benefit of supported self-management, improve team work through team based education, include remote working and fit within current routines, including improved templates

 McCleary et al. 2018 [27]

Systematic review with 18 included studies. Narrative synthesis

Effective initiatives more often included guideline based, involved, local opinion leaders and included inter-professional learning

Organisational

 Morrissey et al. 2021 [31]

Systematic review with 12 qualitative and 14 quantitative studies. Narrative synthesis

Templates are well used and act as useful reminders but risk the professional agenda taking precedence over that of the patient. Future templates should be designed to promote patient-centred care

 McClatchey (Personal communication)

Rapid review of audit and feedback characteristics

Regular feedback with individually meaningful comparators which include varied visual presentations are likely to be more effective

 Kinley et al. 2021 [48]

Rapid realist review with 15 studies. Context Mechanism Outcomes configurations were extracted and associated with clinical effectiveness, acceptability and safety

Remote reviews were safe, effective and acceptable with an advantage over face to face reviews of accessibility; however, use should be guided by patient preference and professionals may require guidance on optimising their use