Table 1 Provider-level implementation strategies

Organizing an implementation team appointed by the facility director (developing stakeholder interrelationships)

The researchers explain the implementation team to the facility director

Appointment of implementation leaders by the facility director

Phase of pre-adoption or preparation

Once (approximately 30 min)

Fidelity and feasibility

Engaging (CFIR); formally appointed internal implementation leaders (CFIR)

Interactive assistance using a clear guide that outlines who in the hospital should do what (providing interactive assistance)

Researchers explain the guide for encouraging cancer screening at psychiatric institutions

The facility director’s knowledge of cancer screening and encouragement methods and their judgment about the adoption of the encouragement method

Phase of pre-adoption

Once (approximately 30 min)

Acceptability, adoption (i.e., research participation)

Readiness for implementation (CFIR)

Researchers explain the guide. After that, regular meetings and occasional email consultations are provided

Preparation and implementation of the encouragement of cancer screening by the implementation team

Phase of preparation and implementation of encouragement

(1) Startup meeting (60 min); (2) regular 15-min meetings twice a month for the first 2 months; (3) regular meetings once a month thereafter. E-mail consultation as needed

Acceptability, adoption, fidelity, and feasibility

Knowledge and beliefs about the intervention (CFIR) and access to knowledge and information (CFIR)

Progress monitoring (using evaluative and iterative strategies)

The researchers monitor progress at each site according to the items in the guide through regular meetings

Implementation team’s ability to lead and manage the implementation of encouragement

Phase of preparation and implementation of encouragement

(2) Regular 15-min meetings twice a month for the first 2 months; (3) regular meetings once a month thereafter

Fidelity and feasibility

Reflecting & evaluating (CFIR)

Joint meetings and information sharing among participating sites (developing stakeholder interrelationships)

The researchers share the efforts of the implementation team at each hospital through regular meetings

Preparation and implementation of encouragement by the implementation team

Phase of preparation and implementation of encouragement

(2) Regular 15-min meetings twice a month for the first 2 months; (3) regular meetings once a month thereafter. E-mail consultation as needed

Feasibility

Cosmopolitanism (CFIR)

Adaptation of the encouraging methods to the specific context (adapting and tailoring to context)

Researchers adapt the methods of encouraging cancer screening using case management to the context (modification of the methods to consider daily clinical resources, modification of the materials)

The methods of encouraging colorectal cancer screening using case management

Phase of pre-adoption (adaptation will be made in subsequent phases if necessary)

As needed

Adoption, acceptability, fidelity, and feasibility

Adaptability (CFIR); cost (CFIR); Fujiwara et al. (2021) and Yamada et al. (2022)

The implementation team adapts the materials to suit the region. In addition, a method of implementing encouragement is established for each facility

The methods of encouraging colorectal cancer screening using case management

Phase of preparation and implementation of encouragement

As needed

Acceptability, fidelity, and feasibility

Adaptability (CFIR); Fujiwara et al. (2021) and Yamada et al. (2022)

Developing educational materials that are accessible to busy medical staff (training and educating stakeholders)

Researchers distribute educational materials via the website and provide educational videos

Implementation team’s knowledge of how to implement encouragement of colorectal cancer screening

Phase of preparation and implementation of encouragement

Presentation of videos for 35 min in total (nine videos)

Acceptability, fidelity, and feasibility

Knowledge and beliefs about the intervention (CFIR)

Education of on-site medical staff (training and educating stakeholders)

The implementation team educates the medical staff about the methods of encouragement and its implementation in the facility

On-site medical staff’s knowledge of how to implement encouragement of colorectal cancer screening

Phase of preparation and implementation of encouragement

Presentation of videos for 35 min in total (nine videos) and on-site meetings (as many times as needed)

Acceptability, fidelity, and feasibility

Knowledge and beliefs about the intervention (CFIR)